The Maltese is a toy dog renowned for its glamorous, floor-length silky white coat and charming personality. Often called the “ancient dogge of Malta,” this ancient dog has a history stretching back thousands of years as a beloved lap pet. For those seeking an affectionate, playful, and portable friend, this elegant white dog offers a delightful blend of aristocratic grace and lively spirit, making it popular among companion dog breeds worldwide.
All About the Maltese
This variety is the epitome of a companion pet, celebrated for its beauty and endearing nature. Despite its delicate appearance, this small dog is hardy with a playful streak. Dogs are small in this lineage, yet they thrive on human connection and fit well into various living situations, including apartments. As a classic “ladies dog” of history, this variety has charmed its way into homes for centuries. The modern variety maintains all the breed characteristics that made it a royal favorite. Among many dog breeds to choose from, this one stands out for its distinctive white coat. For more on the standard, the American Kennel Club provides detailed information on this beloved companion.
Vitals and Life Span
Height
7-9 inches
Weight
Under 3 kg
Life Span
12-15 years
Group
Toy
Origin
Malta
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Personality Traits
Ratings (1–5). This affectionate and playful companion forms strong bonds with its family. These are the key characteristics for this tiny pet.
History and Origins
The history of this canine is a fascinating story of an ancient lineage that has been a symbol of luxury and companionship for over 2,800 years. This is one of the oldest among European varieties, with roots tracing back to the central Mediterranean area. This variety originated from the island of Malta, where it was developed as a prized companion for the wealthy elite.
Ancient Origins (c. 1500 BC)
This variety developed from canines on the island of Malta, a bustling seaport. Phoenician sailors may have brought its ancestors to the region. The pet was specifically chosen for its diminutive size and striking white coat, becoming a prized possession among the wealthy.
“The Comforter” (Roman Era)
Roman aristocrats, particularly women, adored this companion. They were known as “comforter canines” and were believed to have healing powers. The “lion dog” haircut, with a mane-like trim, became popular during this era, giving rise to this distinctive grooming style that emphasized their regal bearing.
Royal Favorite (15th-19th Century)
This companion remained a favorite of European royalty for centuries. Queen Elizabeth I and Mary Queen of Scots were both proud owners. This consistent popularity helped preserve the characteristics and temperament we see in the modern variety.
Dog Show Recognition (19th Century)
In the 19th century, the variety was formally recognized. It was first exhibited in England as the “Terrier” in 1862 and later entered the American dog show scene. The Kennel Club officially recognized the lineage, solidifying its status as a premier toy companion for competition and companionship.
Physical Characteristics
This variety is defined by its luxurious appearance. The most notable feature is its floor-length, silky white coat, which hangs straight and flat. This white dog carries itself with a proud, graceful gait, making it a true standout among companion varieties.
Coat and Color
This variety has a single coat of long, silky white hair. Unlike many lineages, they have no undercoat, which means they shed less. This trait makes them a popular choice for people with dog allergies, though no canine is completely hypoallergenic. While pure white is the standard, a hint of lemon or tan on the ears is permissible.
Build and Size
This is a tiny companion with a compact, well-proportioned body. Their dark, alert eyes and black nose provide a striking contrast to their white coat. An adult typically weighs under 3 kg, making them one of the smallest in the toy group. The overall impression is one of elegance and balance.
Understanding Temperament
This companion’s temperament is a key part of its appeal. These canines are known for being gentle, charming, and affectionate, thriving on being with their people as true lap pets at heart. While every individual varies, this variety has generally predictable and delightful patterns. Understanding a pet’s temperament is crucial, and a good training book can provide valuable insights. The temperament varies by individual, but these companions are often consistent in their loving nature.
💖 Affectionate and People-Oriented
This is an incredibly affectionate companion that craves human contact. Often described as “velcro pets” because they stick so closely to their owners. These canines don’t do well with solitude and are not suited for homes where they’ll be left alone for long hours.
🧠 Smart and Trainable
Despite their innocent look, these pets are intelligent and learn quickly. They are playful and excel at obedience and dog sports like agility, rally, and even competitive obedience. Positive reinforcement training works best, as this sensitive companion may shut down with harsh methods. Their intelligence requires mental stimulation to prevent boredom.
🔔 Alert and Vocal Watchdogs
Because they are tiny, they are not guard animals, but they are excellent watchdogs. Quick to bark at new sights and sounds. While this makes them great alarm systems, they need training to learn when to quiet down. These companions are definitely house pets best suited for indoor living.
👨👩👧👦 A Dainty Family Pet
Can be a good family pet for households with older, respectful children. Their tiny size makes them physically fragile, and they can be easily injured. For this reason, many breeders are hesitant to place young puppies in homes with toddlers. The breed or individual dog may vary in their tolerance for children.
Health Considerations
Overall, this is a healthy variety with a long lifespan. These canines can live 12-15 years with proper care. However, like all lineages, they are prone to certain health concerns. Responsible breeders screen their breeding stock for genetic conditions to promote breed health. Regular vet check-ups are essential for catching health issues early. Dog owners should be aware of common conditions that may affect their pet.
🟡 Moderate Concerns
Patellar Luxation (Luxating Patella): A common issue in many small varieties, this occurs when the kneecap dislocates. In mild cases, dogs may show minimal symptoms, but severe cases can require surgery. The dog may limp occasionally or hold up the affected leg intermittently.
Dental Problems: Toy varieties are prone to dental issues, including overcrowding of teeth and periodontal disease. Regular dental care is crucial.
White Shaker Syndrome: This condition causes full-body tremors in small, white canines. It’s manageable with medication but can be alarming for owners.
These companions are often prone to skin sensitivities and allergies. Using a gentle, hypo-allergenic shampoo can help maintain the health of their skin and keep their delicate white coat looking its best without causing irritation.
Vet’s Best Hypo-Allergenic Shampoo
Helps maintain skin health and keeps their delicate white coat looking its best without causing irritation.
View on AmazonGrooming Guide
Caring for a Maltese centers on its extensive grooming needs and desire for companionship. While not overly demanding in exercise, this companion requires significant daily attention to keep its coat healthy and its spirits high. A consistent routine is key to managing this high-maintenance variety. This grooming guide provides essential tips for dog owners.
Exercise Requirements
Daily Activity
These canines are playful companions but have minimal exercise needs. Short, brisk walks and indoor playtime are usually enough to keep them happy. They enjoy activities but are equally content to be lap pets.
Mental Stimulation
As intelligent pets, these canines need activities to keep their minds sharp. Puzzle toys, short training sessions, and learning new tricks can prevent boredom and strengthen your bond with your companion.
Grooming Essentials
The beautiful silky coat requires daily brushing to prevent the formation of painful mats. Many owners opt for a shorter “puppy cut” to make grooming more manageable. Bathing should be done every few weeks. Tear staining is also common in this variety and requires regular cleaning.
A high-quality grooming brush is the most important tool for any owner. It helps gently work through tangles in their fine, silky coat without causing breakage or discomfort, which is essential to prevent a painful mat from forming.
MalsiPree Pet Grooming Brush for Dogs/Cats
Gently works through tangles in their fine, silky coat without causing breakage or discomfort to prevent matting.
View on AmazonNutrition & Diet
A balanced diet is crucial for this companion’s health. It is important to feed high-quality dog food formulated for small or toy varieties. Nutritional needs will change throughout their life, so it’s important to provide an age-appropriate diet. For options, you can consult a guide to the Top 10 Dry Dog Food available.
Feeding Guidelines
- Puppies: Young puppies need a nutrient-dense puppy formula to support their growth. Feed small, frequent meals throughout the day.
- Adults: An adult thrives on high-quality commercial dog food. Portion control is vital to prevent obesity in this small variety.
- Seniors: As they age, their metabolism slows. A senior formula can help manage weight and provide extra support for aging joints and overall health.
Finding a Puppy
When purchasing, it’s essential to choose a responsible source. Whether you choose a breeder or a rescue organization, patience is key. The price can be expensive, so be wary of deals that seem too good to be true. Bringing home a puppy is an exciting experience that requires preparation.
Rescue
- Rescue: Contact rescue organizations that specialize in this variety. These groups specialize in rehoming and can provide valuable information about a pet’s history and temperament.
- Local Shelters: While less common, you may find this variety or a mix at a local shelter. Check regularly with animal rescue groups in your area. The number varies by location.
Finding Reputable Breeders
- Ask for Health Clearances: A reputable breeder will provide health certifications for a puppy’s parents, screening for issues like luxating patella.
- Visit the Breeder: When purchasing, always visit the breeder’s home. This allows you to see the conditions the puppy was raised in and meet the mother. Many quality breeders will have a waiting list.
Consider rescue first — you can save a life and find a wonderful companion! Many are waiting for loving homes.
FAQs
These FAQs address common questions about caring for this variety and understanding their needs.
Are these canines high-maintenance?
Yes, this variety is considered high-maintenance, primarily due to its long, silky white coat which requires daily brushing to prevent mats and tangles. They also thrive on human companionship and do not like being left alone for long periods.
Do these pets bark a lot?
These companions are known for being alert and can be prone to barking, especially at strangers or unfamiliar sounds. Early training and socialization can help manage this pattern, but they are naturally vocal pets.
Are they a good family pet?
This variety can be a good family pet, especially in homes with older, considerate children. Due to their small size and delicate structure, they can be easily injured by rough play, so they are not recommended for families with very young toddlers.
How much does a puppy cost in India?
The price in India can vary significantly based on the breeder’s reputation, location, and the puppy’s lineage. Prices can range from ₹50,000 to over ₹1,50,000 for a puppy from a reputable breeder.
How long do they live?
These canines can live a long life, typically between 12 to 15 years. With proper care, a healthy diet, and regular veterinary check-ups, some live even longer.
Making the Right Choice
This companion is a fantastic choice for those seeking a devoted and spirited pet. While their grooming needs are demanding, the love and joy this canine brings into a home are immeasurable. Whether you choose this specific variety or another individual, this lineage offers a unique combination of history, elegance, and unwavering loyalty. Among many dog breeds available, this ancient companion continues to be one of the most cherished pets for discerning dog owners. Many are waiting for loving homes through rescue organizations.
